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pituitaryadenoma.net

General Information About Pituitary Adenomas

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Incidence of Pituitary adenomas. Histologic studies of pituitary glands obtained from unselected routine adult autopsies show the presence of incidental adenomas in 8 to 23 percent, suggesting that transformation in adenohypophyseal cells is a relatively common event, albeit one that is not always apparent clinically. The pituitary gland is a common substrate for neoplastic transformation, giving rise to approximately 15 percent of all diagnosed. Clinically diagnosed pituitary adenomas consist 15% of ext...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Empty Sella Syndrome

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Essentials for empty sella syndrome:. Empty sella syndrome is not a rare finding and it can be seen in 30% of population over the age of 30 years. This finding must be considered with context with other pathological features. The most common cause is a wide aperture in the diaphragma sella, which is a normal anatomical variation. Little clinical attention was initially paid to Busch's interesting findings. Both radiologists and neurosurgeons usually regarded nontumoral sellar enlargement as reflectin...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Microanatomy of the Sellar Region

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Essentials in microanatomy of the sellar region:. The length of the optic nerves is variable and in conjunction with the tuberculum sellae variation, govern the type of approach to the chiasmal region. Absence of the sphenoid sinus in children make the trans-sphenoidal approach more difficult. The presence of diverticulum under the diaphragma sellae could complicate the trans-sphenoidal surgery with CSF leak. Chiasmatic Configuration and Tuberculum Sellae. The posterior communicating artery arises from t...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Pituitary Adenomas

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This site is dedicated for pituitary adenomas, including anatomy, physiology of the adenohypophysis, incidence, etiology, pathological anatomy, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, hormonal studies, surgical treatment, standard and modified approaches, indications for surgical treatment, a trial for constructing protocols for treatment strategies, postoperative results and complications. Here the following topics are covered:. Adenohypophysis-anatomical and physiologic considerations.

pituitaryadenoma.net

Nonsecretory Pituitary Adenomas

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Essentials in nonsecretory pituitary adenomas:. Chromophobe adenomas could rise prolactin levels up to 200 ng/ml. Mass effect is the main determinant in clinical picture. Surgery and radiation is the accepted modality of treatment. Complications are the same for other space-occupying lesions in the sellar region. Loss of libido is found most often in men. There may also be other symptoms and signs of panhypopituitarism in either men or women, with amenorrhea, sexual disinterest, smooth, pale skin, an...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Benign Pituitary Cysts

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Essentials in benign pituitary cysts:. Benign pituitary cysts are a common finding in autopsy studies and can occasionally become large enough to cause symptoms by compression of the intrasellar or suprasellar structures. Although cysts in the sella and suprasellar region are a diverse group of entities, they are often indistinguishable on the basis of clinical and radiographic findings, and a diagnosis can often be made only by gross and histologic examination. CT typically shows an enlarged sella turci...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Cushing Diease & Nelson Syndrome

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Essentials in Cushing's disease and Nelson's syndrome:. Nelson's syndrome take place only after bilateral adrenalectomy. Cushing disease is serious and if untreated, the main survival rate is 5 years. The best initial treatment of Cushing's disease and Nelson's syndrome is transsphenoidal elective resection of the tumour, regardless of the size. Subsequent clarification of the different biochemical factors involved in the development of Cushing's syndrome has permitted development of therapies specific f...

pituitaryadenoma.net

Neurohypohpysis

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Essentials in physiology of neurohypophysis:. SON and PVN are the main anatomical structures and parvicellular and magnocellular cells are the main cellular components and ADH with oxytocin are the major neurotransmitters. DDAVP or minirin are the best in treatment of DI. Epanutin, thyroid and cortisone replacement therapy increase the severity of DI. Tegretol, clofibrate, chlorpropamide, thiazide help in mild cases of DI. DDAVP is not effective in nephrogenic DI. The only medication is chlorlthiazide.